'House of judgment.' The rabbinic court that governed Pharisaic-system halakhic rulings. A Gentile proselyte submitted to its jurisdiction as part of adult conversion — which Paul opposes in Galatians.

'Blessing.' The Jewish pattern of blessing God before and after eating or drinking. The Didache's Eucharistic prayers in chapters 9–10 are structured as berakhot.

'Blessing against the heretics' — the ironic name of a curse introduced into synagogue liturgy in the late first century, aimed at the Nazarenes. Jerome records it as still in use in his own day (Comm. Isaiah 5:18–19).

'Handwritten document' — a bond or certificate of debt. In Colossians 2:14 this is the Pharisaic decree-system (not the Torah) that was 'hostile to us' and nailed to the cross.

'Month / new moon.' The Hebrew month is marked by the lunar cycle. The Nazarene lunisolar calendar rests on the chodesh cycle combined with the vernal equinox.

'Those belonging to the Lord' — Eusebius's term for Yeshua's biological family who led the Jerusalem church into the second century (Eusebius HE 3.20, 3.32).

'Repetitions / second-order teachings.' Jerome's Greek term for the proto-Mishnaic oral tradition. Used in his Commentary on Isaiah 8:14 and 29:20 to identify what the Nazarenes rejected.

'Assembly / called-out ones.' The New Testament word rendered 'church' — originally a Jewish-covenantal term for the assembly of Israel (Deuteronomy 4:10 LXX).

'Overseer / bishop.' A leadership role named in Didache 15 — practical, not sacramental. Criteria are Torah virtues: meek, truthful, not greedy.

'Works of the law.' Paul's Greek phrase in Romans and Galatians. The exact cognate of the Hebrew ma'ase ha-Torah found in 4QMMT — sectarian halakhic rulings, not Torah obedience in general.

The original self-designation of Yeshua's followers (Acts 9:2; 19:9, 23; 22:4; 24:14). Paul uses it in his defense before Felix: 'according to the Way which they call a sect I do serve the God of our fathers.'

'Choice of thought / sect / school.' Used neutrally in Acts 24:5 and 24:14 — Paul owns the term for himself. Only later did it acquire the pejorative 'heresy' meaning.

'Walking.' The legal rulings and practical applications of Torah. In Pharisaic-Rabbinic Judaism, the oral-tradition codification of how to apply each commandment.

The Nazarene methodological principle that uncoerced testimony from adversarial sources (Jerome, Epiphanius, Chrysostom, imperial decrees, conciliar canons) carries the strongest evidentiary weight. You do not legislate against what does not exist.

'Fitness.' The biblical dietary laws of Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14. The Nazarene position keeps the biblical distinctions; it does not adopt rabbinic kashrut certification (1 Corinthians 10:25).

'Works of the Torah.' The technical phrase in 4QMMT (2nd century BC) referring to specific sectarian halakhic rulings. The direct cognate of Paul's Greek erga nomou.

'Our Lord, come!' The Aramaic liturgical acclamation preserved in 1 Corinthians 16:22 and Didache 10:6 — evidence of the Semitic roots of the earliest Christian worship.

The ritual immersion pool. The Didache's preference for baptism 'in living water' (chapter 7) follows Jewish mikveh practice, which requires running or naturally gathered water.

'Appointed times.' God's feasts in Leviticus 23: Sabbath, Passover, Unleavened Bread, Firstfruits, Shavuot, Yom Teruah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot. The calendar of the redeemed.

The original apostolic confession — Torah, Prophets, and Yeshua held together. Documented in Hegesippus (via Eusebius HE 4.22.3), Epiphanius (Panarion 29), and Jerome (Commentary on Isaiah; Epistle 112). Our confession.

'Separated / consecrated.' One who takes a vow of consecration per Numbers 6. Paul took one (Acts 21:23–26). James the Just lived as a lifelong Nazirite (Hegesippus via Eusebius HE 2.23).

Greek for 'law' — used throughout the New Testament. Meaning varies by context: Written Torah, oral tradition, general principle, the Pharisaic sectarian halakhic package. Precision required in every passage.

'Child-leader.' The Greco-Roman household slave who guarded and supervised a child until he came of age. In Galatians 3:24–25 Paul uses this for the Levitical atonement system — not the Written Torah generally.

The flight of the Jerusalem church to Pella in Transjordan before 70 AD (Eusebius HE 3.5.3). The geographical and historical bridge between the apostolic Jerusalem ekklesia and the Nazarenes Epiphanius finds in the same region three centuries later.

'To fill full / to fulfill.' Yeshua's word in Matthew 5:17 — He came not to abolish Torah but to fill it to completion. Not to eliminate it.

The Nazarene Faith's term for our position: affirming the eternal validity of the Written Torah alongside faith in Yeshua HaMashiach. Distinct from generic 'Torah Observant' by naming both pillars — Torah and Messiah together.

'Fourteener.' A Christian who keeps Passover on 14 Nisan (the biblical date) rather than on Sunday Easter. Polycarp was one, as was the Johannine tradition of Asia Minor. Rome and Constantine opposed the practice.

The Sabbath, seventh-day rest. Instituted at creation (Genesis 2:2–3), written with God's own finger at Sinai, and called an eternal covenant sign (Exodus 31:16–17).

'Hear!' The confession of Deuteronomy 6:4–5: 'Hear, O Israel: the LORD our God, the LORD is one.' Prayed morning and evening by observant Jews — by Yeshua, the apostles, and the Nazarenes.

Acronym for the three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures: Torah (Law), Nevi'im (Prophets), Ketuvim (Writings). The 39-book Hebrew canon that the apostles called 'the Scriptures.'

'Goal / aim / completion.' In Romans 10:4, Yeshua is the telos of Torah for righteousness — its goal, not its termination. Critical distinction; the entire anti-Torah misreading of Paul hinges on mistranslating this word.

The Nazarene doctrinal framework drawn from Hegesippus via Eusebius HE 4.22.3: the apostolic faith is defined by the Law, the Prophets, and the words of the Lord — held together, never separated.

The Nazarene distinction — preserved in Jerome's Commentary on Isaiah 9:1 — between the Written Torah (eternal, holy, upheld) and the oral-law / Mishnaic tradition (the 'very heavy yoke' Yeshua and Paul shook off).

Fringes on the corners of garments (Numbers 15:38–40). A visible reminder to keep the commandments. Yeshua wore them (Matthew 9:20; 14:36).

'Yeshua the Messiah' — the Hebrew name of the Son of God, born of Mary, crucified under Pontius Pilate, risen the third day. The name by which the Nazarenes always confessed Him.